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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="is_fifo.html" title="cpp/experimental/fs/is fifo"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::is_fifo</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="is_other.html" title="cpp/experimental/fs/is other"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::is_other</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="is_regular_file.html" title="cpp/experimental/fs/is regular file"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::is_regular_file</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="is_socket.html" title="cpp/experimental/fs/is socket"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::is_socket</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="is_symlink.html" title="cpp/experimental/fs/is symlink"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::is_symlink</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
<div></div>
</div></div>
</div>
<div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div>
</div>
<table class="t-dcl-begin"><tbody>
<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td> <div>Defined in header <code><a href="../../header/experimental/filesystem.html" title="cpp/header/experimental/filesystem">&lt;experimental/filesystem&gt;</a></code>
 </div>
</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-fs_ts">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">enum</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> perms<span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
</td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-fs-ts t-mark-ts">(filesystem TS)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl-sep">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>This type represents file access permissions. <code>perms</code> satisfies the requirements of  <a href="../../concept/BitmaskType.html" title="cpp/concept/BitmaskType"><code>BitmaskType</code></a> (which means the bitwise operators <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">operator<span class="sy3">&amp;</span></span></span>, <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">operator<span class="sy3">|</span></span></span>, <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">operator<span class="sy3">^</span></span></span>, <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">operator~</span></span>, <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">operator<span class="sy3">&amp;</span><span class="sy1">=</span></span></span>, <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">operator<span class="sy3">|</span><span class="sy1">=</span></span></span>, and <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">operator<span class="sy3">^</span><span class="sy1">=</span></span></span> are defined for this type)
</p>
<p>Access permissions model <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http%3A//pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_stat.h.html">POSIX permission bits</a>, and any individual file permissions (as reported by <a href="status.html" title="cpp/experimental/fs/status">status</a>) are a combination of some of the following bits:
</p>
<table id="toc" class="toc"><tr><td>
<div id="toctitle"><h2>Contents</h2></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="perms.html#Member_constants"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Member constants</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="perms.html#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="perms.html#Example"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Example</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="perms.html#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
</ul>
</td></tr></table>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Member constants">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Member_constants">Member constants</span>
</h3>
<table class="wikitable" style="text-align:left; font-size:85%; max-width:90em;">

<tr>
<th> Member constant
</th>
<th> Value (octal)
</th>
<th> POSIX equivalent
</th>
<th> Meaning
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>none</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">​<span class="nu0">0</span>​</span></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td> no permission bits are set
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>owner_read</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">0400</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">S_IRUSR</span></span>
</td>
<td> File owner has read permission
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>owner_write</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">0200</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">S_IWUSR</span></span>
</td>
<td> File owner has write permission
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>owner_exec</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">0100</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">S_IXUSR</span></span>
</td>
<td> File owner has execute/search permission
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>owner_all</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">0700</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">S_IRWXU</span></span>
</td>
<td> File owner has read, write, and execute/search permissions
<p>Equivalent to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">owner_read <span class="sy3">|</span> owner_write <span class="sy3">|</span> owner_exec</span></span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>group_read</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">040</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">S_IRGRP</span></span>
</td>
<td> The file's user group has read permission
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>group_write</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">020</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">S_IWGRP</span></span>
</td>
<td> The file's user group has write permission
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>group_exec</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">010</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">S_IXGRP</span></span>
</td>
<td> The file's user group has execute/search permission
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>group_all</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">070</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">S_IRWXG</span></span>
</td>
<td> The file's user group has read, write, and execute/search permissions
<p>Equivalent to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">group_read <span class="sy3">|</span> group_write <span class="sy3">|</span> group_exec</span></span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>others_read</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">04</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">S_IROTH</span></span>
</td>
<td> Other users have read permission
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>others_write</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">02</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">S_IWOTH</span></span>
</td>
<td> Other users have write permission
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>others_exec</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">01</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">S_IXOTH</span></span>
</td>
<td> Other users have execute/search permission
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>others_all</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">07</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">S_IRWXO</span></span>
</td>
<td> Other users have read, write, and execute/search permissions
<p>Equivalent to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">others_read <span class="sy3">|</span> others_write <span class="sy3">|</span> others_exec</span></span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>all</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">0777</span></span></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td> All users have read, write, and execute/search permissions
<p>Equivalent to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">owner_all <span class="sy3">|</span> group_all <span class="sy3">|</span> others_all</span></span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>set_uid</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">04000</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">S_ISUID</span></span>
</td>
<td> Set user ID to file owner user ID on execution
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>set_gid</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">02000</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">S_ISGID</span></span>
</td>
<td> Set group ID to file's user group ID on execution
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>sticky_bit</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">01000</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">S_ISVTX</span></span>
</td>
<td> Implementation-defined meaning, but POSIX XSI specifies that when set on a directory, only file owners may delete files even if the directory is writeable to others (used with <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="sy2">/</span>tmp</span></span>)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>mask</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu8">07777</span></span></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td> All valid permission bits.
<p>Equivalent to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">all <span class="sy3">|</span> set_uid <span class="sy3">|</span> set_gid <span class="sy3">|</span> sticky_bit</span></span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>Additionally, the following constants of this type are defined, which do not represent permissions:
</p>
<table class="wikitable" style="text-align:left; font-size:85%; max-width:90em;">

<tr>
<th> Member constant
</th>
<th> Value (hex)
</th>
<th> Meaning
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>unknown</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu12">0xFFFF</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> Unknown permissions (e.g. when <a href="file_status.html" title="cpp/experimental/fs/file status">file_status</a> is created without permissions)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>add_perms</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu12">0x10000</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> Control bit that instructs <a href="permissions.html" title="cpp/experimental/fs/permissions">permissions</a> to add, but not clear permission bits.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>remove_perms</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu12">0x20000</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> Control bit that instructs <a href="permissions.html" title="cpp/experimental/fs/permissions">permissions</a> to clear, but not add permission bits
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>resolve_symlinks</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu12">0x40000</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> Control bit that instructs <a href="permissions.html" title="cpp/experimental/fs/permissions">permissions</a> to resolve symlinks
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span>
</h3>
<p>Permissions may not necessarily be implemented as bits, but they are treated that way conceptually.
</p>
<p>Some permission bits may be ignored on some systems, and changing some bits may automatically change others (e.g. on platforms without owner/group/all distinction, setting any of the three write bits set all three)
</p>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Example">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Example">Example</span>
</h3>
<div class="t-example">
<div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">Run this code</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="cpp source-cpp"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include &lt;fstream&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;bitset&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;iostream&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;experimental/filesystem&gt;</span>
<span class="kw1">namespace</span> fs <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">experimental</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">filesystem</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
<span class="kw4">void</span> demo_perms<span class="br0">(</span>fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">perms</span> p<span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
    <a href="../../io/cout.html"><span class="kw1449">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="br0">(</span>p <span class="sy3">&amp;</span> fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">perms</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">owner_read</span> <span class="sy4">?</span> <span class="st0">"r"</span> <span class="sy4">:</span> <span class="st0">"-"</span><span class="br0">)</span>
              <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="br0">(</span>p <span class="sy3">&amp;</span> fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">perms</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">owner_write</span> <span class="sy4">?</span> <span class="st0">"w"</span> <span class="sy4">:</span> <span class="st0">"-"</span><span class="br0">)</span>
              <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="br0">(</span>p <span class="sy3">&amp;</span> fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">perms</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">owner_exec</span> <span class="sy4">?</span> <span class="st0">"x"</span> <span class="sy4">:</span> <span class="st0">"-"</span><span class="br0">)</span>
              <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="br0">(</span>p <span class="sy3">&amp;</span> fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">perms</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">group_read</span> <span class="sy4">?</span> <span class="st0">"r"</span> <span class="sy4">:</span> <span class="st0">"-"</span><span class="br0">)</span>
              <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="br0">(</span>p <span class="sy3">&amp;</span> fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">perms</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">group_write</span> <span class="sy4">?</span> <span class="st0">"w"</span> <span class="sy4">:</span> <span class="st0">"-"</span><span class="br0">)</span>
              <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="br0">(</span>p <span class="sy3">&amp;</span> fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">perms</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">group_exec</span> <span class="sy4">?</span> <span class="st0">"x"</span> <span class="sy4">:</span> <span class="st0">"-"</span><span class="br0">)</span>
              <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="br0">(</span>p <span class="sy3">&amp;</span> fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">perms</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">others_read</span> <span class="sy4">?</span> <span class="st0">"r"</span> <span class="sy4">:</span> <span class="st0">"-"</span><span class="br0">)</span>
              <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="br0">(</span>p <span class="sy3">&amp;</span> fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">perms</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">others_write</span> <span class="sy4">?</span> <span class="st0">"w"</span> <span class="sy4">:</span> <span class="st0">"-"</span><span class="br0">)</span>
              <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="br0">(</span>p <span class="sy3">&amp;</span> fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">perms</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">others_exec</span> <span class="sy4">?</span> <span class="st0">"x"</span> <span class="sy4">:</span> <span class="st0">"-"</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="br0">}</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
    <a href="../../io/basic_ofstream.html"><span class="kw1424">std::<span class="me2">ofstream</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"test.txt"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// create file</span>
 
    <a href="../../io/cout.html"><span class="kw1449">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"Created file with permissions: "</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    demo_perms<span class="br0">(</span>fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">status</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"test.txt"</span><span class="br0">)</span>.<span class="me1">permissions</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
    fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">permissions</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"test.txt"</span>, fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">perms</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">add_perms</span> <span class="sy3">|</span>
                                fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">perms</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">owner_all</span> <span class="sy3">|</span> fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">perms</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">group_all</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
    <a href="../../io/cout.html"><span class="kw1449">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">"After adding o+rwx and g+wrx:  "</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    demo_perms<span class="br0">(</span>fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">status</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"test.txt"</span><span class="br0">)</span>.<span class="me1">permissions</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
    fs<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">remove</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"test.txt"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p>Possible output:
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="text source-text"><pre class="de1">Created file with permissions: rw-r--r--
After adding o+rwx and g+wrx:  rwxrwxr--</pre></div></div> 
</div>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span>
</h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="status.html" title="cpp/experimental/fs/status"> <span class="t-lines"><span>status</span><span>symlink_status</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  determines file attributes<br>determines file attributes, checking the symlink target <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> 
</td>
</tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="permissions.html" title="cpp/experimental/fs/permissions"> <span class="t-lines"><span>permissions</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   modifies file access permissions <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> 
</td>
</tr>
</table>

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